多学科协作模式下诊治2型糖尿病合并下肢坏死性筋膜炎临床观察

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张会峰

摘要

目的 探讨多学科协作模式(MDT)下对2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并下肢坏死性筋膜炎(NF)的临床诊治,为优化此类危重症的综合诊疗提供依据。 方法 回顾性分析2020年7月-2023年12月收治的45例T2DM合并下肢NF患者,在MDT模式下由内分泌科医师控制血糖、稳定全身情况,感染科医师提供抗感染药物方案,血管外科医师评估和改善下肢血供,手足外科医师手术清创和/或截肢。根据是否由2型糖尿病足(DF)进展而来,分为DF合并NF组(35例)和单纯NF组(10例),对比两组临床特征、病原菌构成、药敏结果及预后。结果 临床特征:DF合并NF组糖尿病病程更长(10.69±5.33年vs.4.30±2.67年,P<0.01),就诊延迟更显著(中位10d vs.4.5d)。病原学分布:两组主要革兰阳性菌均为金黄色葡萄球菌;革兰阴性菌中,DF合并NF组以大肠埃希菌为主(17.8%),NF组以肺炎克雷伯菌为主(20.0%)。DF合并NF组多为混合感染(88.6%),NF组均为单菌感染。药敏特点:DF合并NF组:革兰阴性菌对替加环素、替考拉宁、美罗培南敏感率>90%;革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺敏感率>93%。NF组:革兰阴性菌对替考拉宁100%敏感;革兰阳性菌对比阿培南、利奈唑胺100%敏感。预后:两组愈合率均为100%,未出现死亡病例。DF合并NF组截肢率显著升高,NF组无截肢病例(68.6%vs.0%,P<0.01)。结论 在T2DM合并NF病例中,病情进展迅速、截肢率高,通过MDT多学科协作在短时间内做出NF诊断并提供准确高效的治疗方案对改善预后尤为重要。

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